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Sabellianism
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In Christianity, Sabellianism, (also known as modalism, modalistic monarchianism, or modal monarchism) is the nontrinitarian belief that the Heavenly Father, Resurrected Son and Holy Spirit are different modes or aspects of one God, as perceived by the believer, rather than three distinct persons in God Himself.
The term Sabellianism comes from Sabellius, a theologian and priest from the third century.
Contents
[hide]
* 1 Meaning and origins
* 2 Opposition
* 3 Later teachings
* 4 See also
* 5 References
* 6 External links
[edit] Meaning and origins
God was said to have three “faces” or “masks” (Grk. prosopa), (Latin persona)[1]. The question is: “is God’s threeness a matter of our falsely seeing it to be so (Sabellianism/modalism), or a matter of God’s own essence revealed as three-in-one (trinitarianism)?” Modalists note that the only number ascribed to God in the Holy Bible is One and that there is no inherent threeness ascribed to God explicitly in scripture.[citation needed] The number three is never mentioned in relation to God in scripture, which of course is the number that is central to the word “Trinity”. The only possible exceptions to this are the Great Commission Matthew 28:16-20 and the Comma Johanneum, a disputed text passage in First John[citation needed] known primarily from the King James Version and some versions of the Textus Receptus but not included in modern critical texts.[citation needed] Modalism has been mainly associated with Sabellius, who taught a form of it in Rome in the third century. This had come to him via the teachings of Noetus and Praxeas.[2]
Hippolytus of Rome knew Sabellius personally and mentioned him in the Philosophumena. He knew Sabellius disliked Trinitarian theology, yet he called Modal Monarchism the heresy of Noetus, not that of Sabellius. Sabellianism was embraced by Christians in Cyrenaica, to whom Demetrius, Patriarch of Alexandria, wrote letters arguing against this belief.
[edit] Opposition
The chief critic of Sabellianism was Tertullian, who labeled the movement “Patripassianism”, from the Latin words pater for “father”, and passus from the verb “to suffer” because it implied that the Father suffered on the Cross. It was coined by Tertullian in his work Adversus Praxeas, Chapter I, “By this Praxeas did a twofold service for the devil at Rome: he drove away prophecy, and he brought in heresy; he put to flight the Paraclete, and he crucified the Father.”
It is important to note that our only sources extant for our understanding of Sabellianism are from their detractors. Scholars today are not in agreement as to what exactly Sabellius or Praxeus taught. It is easy to suppose Tertullian and Hippolytus misrepresented the opinions of their opponents.[3]
Tertullian seems to suggest that the majority of believers at that time favoured the Sabellian view of the oneness of God.[4] Epiphanius (Haeres 62) about AD 375 notes that the adherents of Sabellius were still to be found in great numbers, both in Mesopotamia and at Rome.[5] The first general council at Constantinople in 381 C.E. in canon VII and the third general council at Constantinople in 680 C.E. in canon XCV declared the baptism of Sabellius to be invalid, which indicates that Sabellianism was still extant.[5]
Historic Sabellianism taught that God the Father was the only true existence of the Godhead, a belief known as Monarchianism. One author has described Sabellius’ teaching thus: The true question, therefore, turns on this, viz., what is it which constitutes what we name ‘person’ in the Godhead? Is it original, substantial, essential to divinity itself? Or does it belong to and arise from the exhibitions and developments which the divine Being has made of himself to his creatures? The former Sabellius denied; the latter he fully admitted. [5]
Sabellianism has been rejected by the majority of Christian churches in favour of Trinitarianism (through the Athanasian Creed), which was eventually defined as three distinct, co-equal, co-eternal persons.[6]
[edit] Later teachings
Both Michael Servetus and Emanuel Swedenborg have been interpreted as being proponents of Modalism. Neither, however, described God as appearing in three modes. It is not necessary to describe God in three modes to be Oneness. Both describe God as the One Divine Person, Jesus Christ, who has a Divine Soul of Love, Divine Mind of Truth, and Divine Body of Activity. Jesus, through a process of uniting his human form to the Divine, became entirely One with His Divine Soul from the Father to the point of having no distinction of personality.[7][3]
Oneness Pentecostalism teaches that the Father (a spirit) is united with Jesus (a man) as the Son of God. However, Oneness Pentecostalism differs significantly by rejecting sequential modalism and by the full acceptance of the begotten humanity of the Son, not eternally begotten, who was the man Jesus and was born, crucified, and risen, and not the deity. This directly opposes Patripassianism and the pre-existence of the Son, which Sabellianism does not. Oneness Pentecostalism can be compared to Sabellianism as both are Nontrinitarian, but they do not correctly identify each other.
However, it cannot be certain whether Sabellius taught a dispensational Modalism or taught what is known today as Oneness since all we have of his teaching comes through the writing of his enemies. All of his original works were burned. The following excerpts which demonstrate some of the known doctrinal characteristics of ancient Sabellians may be seen to compare with the doctrines in the modern Oneness movement:
Sabellianism was doctrine adhered to by a sect of the Montanists.
* Cyprian wrote of them “How, when God the Father is not known–nay, is even blasphemed–can they who among the heretics are said to be baptized in the name of Christ only, be judged to have obtained the remission of sins?” (Cyprian, c. 250, W, 5.383,484)
* In 225 Hippolytus spoke of them saying “Some of them assent to the heresy of the Noetians, affirming the Father Himself is the Son.”
* Victorinus had this to say of them “Some had doubts about the baptism of those who appeared to recognize the same Father with the Son with us, yet who received the new prophets.”
Sabellianism was also referred to by the following Church fathers:
* Dionysius (c. 200-265) wrote “Those baptized in the name of three persons…though baptized by heretics..shall not be rebaptized. But those converted from other heresies shall be perfected by the baptism of the Holy Church.” (St. Dionysius, Letters and Treatises,p.54).
* “Sabellius…blasphemes in saying that the Son Himself is the Father and vice versa.” (Dionysius of Rome, c.264,W, 6.365)
* “Jesus commands them to baptize into the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit–not into a unipersonal God.” (Tertullian, C. 213,W,3.623)
Sabellianism teaching of Modalism and singular name baptism was also accompanied by glossolalia and prophecy among the abovementioned sect of Montanists.
* In 225 Tertullian spoke of “those who would deserve the excellent gifts of the spirit–and who…by means of the Holy Spirit would obtain the gift of language, wisdom, and knowledge.”
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* It is reported that Sabellians experienced glossolalia and baptized in the “shorter formula” because of their denial of the Trinity. (J.H. Blunt, p.332,Heik,p 150, kelsey, pp. 40,41).
WTF JAC? A couple of paragraphs would have been fine….
What? You didn’t know I’m kin to Tim Taylor?
Er, I don’t think so, Tim..
Let me introduce the Benford Tools Ordinal Post 6000.
Umm I don’t think so Tim.
It’s the Ordinal Post WITH MORE POWER!! *grunt*
Arrrr arrr arrrr.
*peers over PK’s fence just enough to keep from revealing her whole face*
Hiddy Ho Neighborino.
Who needs pants when you have an M249 SAW?
It was in Afganistan and this photo was on the front page of the NY Times: http://lens.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/05/21/behind-the-scenes-man-in-the-pink-boxers/?scp=1&sq=pink%20underwear%20Afganistan&st=cse
They had gotten surprised by shooting and he hadn’t had a chance to get dressed and there was a photographer there and now his underwear is famous.
I remember this too — seems a little lazy of our lovely admins not to actually credit who’s in the photo when it’s that easy. If I recall correctly, those were his “lucky” boxers which he was wearing to sleep in when they were unexpectedly called to action, and say “I <3 New York"!
Yep. I actually stumbledupon this pic in a series of photographs. The boxer-wearer’s unit was attacked so suddenly he just had time for body armor and a helmet before he was thrust into action.
“But I’m just wearing boxers!”
“And they have diapers on their heads. Now get out there!”
(sorry if I offend)
Background here:
http://www.armytimes.com/news/2009/05/ap_gates_pink_boxers_052209/
I remember this story from last year, or the year before.
They were still asleep and the kid didn’t have time to put on his uniform.
This year. It helps if you read previous comments.
Nope. Kid just jumped out of bed, grabbed his gun, and joined the fight. That takes some balls.
Can’t imagine waking up under fire and looking around while everyone is getting dressed to go fight!! Just get out there and help!! God Bless Him… and all of them!!! Bring them all home… soon.
Yes, but his outfit is not Army-issue. Is that allowed even if it is underwear?
More often than not. Depends on the command.
Good to know for the next care package.
LOL!! You said depends..
Total pun unintended. Good catch Eddie.
Commanded by Gen Ole Fart?
Pretty sure that’s the Korangal Valley. I’ve seen a lot of pictures come out of that area.
And if you run out of ammo, this makes it much easier to piss on the enemy as they charge up the hill. That’ll really piss em off by cracky.
Then it turns into a real pissing match.
Speaking of piss…. I was recently reading this book called No one Ever Asked Me by Hollis Stabler. It’s a book about an American Indian in WWII. Anyway. He was telling this story about marching some place or another and all of a sudden someone shouted out that they were being attacked by gas. The commander yelled at everyone should pull out a hanky and piss on it, and then breath through it. So the acidicness could help with the poison. He commented that “I don’t think anyone actually did it.” Luckily for them the Germans had just blown up a sulfur mine and other than burning eyes and coughing, there was no harm. Oh the ways urine can be used in a combat situation…
True enough… actually (and I only know this because my husband watches the R. Lee Ermey shows), the original WWI gas masks used by the French soldiers were similar… They had to urinate on the filter before donning them.
Could you imagine the pressure? Some people can’t even pee with other people in the bathroom. Could you imagine whipping it out while you are under attack, and then making yourself go into a filter or hankerchief, and then breathing it? I mean, that gas would probably scare the piss out of you…. but… thats some pressure.
Somehow, I can see this leading to the request: “Dude, I — I can’t go with people watching. Pee on my filter for me?”
Ha! Hardest request evar to make. “Dude, pee on my hanky so I can breath it.”
You know…. if that saved your life…. you might as well call him a brother for real.
Or you could have no problem. AS some people who are scared release their bladder. Then I guess you use your pants?
Oh that just adds to the agility of the situation.
“Damn it. I used all my pee wetting myself. Now I have to get my pants of and to my face to live”
Or even better
“Hey Ensign, now is not a good time to try to suck yourself off. I’m just saying. Gas mask. Now!”
I don’t think that would be a problem for me, since the piss would already be scared out of me anyway.
“Hey, I can’t go with people watching me. Can you piss on my hanky for me?”
“Sorry dude, I wet myself as soon as the fighting started, I’m on empty….But you can share my pants with me if you want”
Pee’s good for all sorts of things. It’s sterile and people need to stop being so afraid of it.
cures athlete’s foot, trench foot, and it great with german chicks.
Alleviates the pain from jellyfish stings, toughens up hands that have been softened by shearing sheep for days (it’s the lanolin) and, in desperate times, can be drunk. Good stuff.
Plus it’s sterile and I like the taste
Too salty for me.
Makes a terrible air freshener, though.
Good thing he wasn’t a Commando.
LMAO!! XD
i think he is a very brave man
i dun care if he is in flip flops and boxers to me hes waerin a red cape he s a hero
a slighly dleep rumpled hero but a hero any way and if he is willing to stand in front of me and defend my right to live the way i want to then he can waer what ever he wants
You live at the bottom of that hill?
NOOOOOOOO! I care more than you do!
Don’t come in here and pass off your fake caring off as sincerity! I have an American Flag on my desk!
I’m not sure he was wearing whatever he wanted. But yes, I think he was definitely slighly dleep. And for that I’m grateful. Saving us from the slithy toves, that was brillig.
jabberwocky?
Twas brillig and the slimy toves did gyer and gimble in the wade…
*hugs ILPB*
that just made my day.
**bows** glad I could help.
Oh Frabjous day! Kallow, Kallay!
(spelling from memory, not so good)
Close spelled with C’s not K’s.
Beware the jub jub bird.
And shun the frumous Bandersnatch!
Viking I’d never shun your bunder-snatch no matter how frumous it is.
So, to recap:
Twas waerin flip flops and the slighly dleep heroes did rumple and gimble in the brave?
No!
Twas the night before battle,
And all through bunker
Not a terrorist was spotted,
Not even in a clunker.
The claymores were set,
around the perimeter with care,
In hopes that Akmed,
Soon would be there
The copters were all fueled,
With unlead of course,
While machine guns were loaded
With a big show of force
I in my red boxers,
And sarge in his helmet
Had just settled in
For a little respet.
When out in fields
Arouse such a clatter,
I sprang from my cot,
To see what was the matter.
Away to the armory,
I went to get armed,
I grabbed my rifle,
In hopes not to get harmed.
When what to my wondering
Eyes should appear,
But Akmed
Loaded with bombs and gear.
ROFLMFAO ILPB gets the Nobel prize for poetry!!!
“Now, Iwo! Now, Jima! Pearl Harbor, and Dresden!
“On, Moscow! On, Tewkesbury! On, Bighorn and Blitzkrieg!
SILENCE! I KEEL YOU!
I bow before your mutual awesomenesses!!
English, it bee not yur freind?
Well Atleast there is not stains on his boxers cause that would have been nasty. LOL
He’s so ready to piss on them from a great height.
Nice countryside, too. Not that I want to go.
This is how real men operate.
That’s right. Real men wear pink boxers.
To be fair: someone may have washed them with that red t-shirt. A lot of my pink clothing is the result of a laundry accident.
I wasn’t being sarcastic. Real men DO wear pink. Traditionally, boys were dressed in pink and girls in blue (until the 1940’s).
I like that pink is a unisex color these days! I look horrible in it, though, and am not pleased to have my former whites sullied such.
I also look abjectly foul in pink.
No, guys don’t wear pink. It’s called coral..
Coral. Yeah, that’s manly. Way manlier than pink. Or peach. Or fuschia.
I look best in my pink shirt. For whatever that’s worth
And here I thought Perez Hilton went to war. (Not)
That’s hot.
Perez, not Paris.
Ooops, I misread that too.
Not going to happen for Perez either. You don’t have to ask him to tell.
It’s possible he DID read it right. Just sayin’.
If he spitballs you, I’m not saying a thing….
**sneaks up behind Ivan and pulls undies up over head** EWW EWW EWW Ivan wears a man thong, and it’s got skid marks!!!! **runs away to go wash hands**
I’d like to think that if she did go to war there would be a not-so-unfortunate and not-so-accidental friendly fire incident.
Did you know that in WWI there were often more people dying of VD than combat. And I would have to look it up, but might have even been the entire war.
Well, Paris Hilton would be one of the VD statistics, wouldn’t she.
Would make sense, since sulpha came after WWI… No antibiotics!
In a firefight, HELL YEAH!! I’d be rolling in the mud to hide the red.
Zachary Boyd from Fort Worth, Texas, was outed from sleep by enemy fire on his post in eastern Afghanistan.
Breakfast was eaten all over America this morning. Some people had waffles, others pop tarts.
I had a Ding-Dong. And coffee. Fvck nutrition!
Fvck solids! I had coffee with Bailey’s…erhmmm…I mean “cream”.
Bailey’s isn’t regular cream? That’s what I have in my coffee every morning. Crap!
*Looks up next AA meeting*
Pffft. You don’t need AA. Just take the following test:
What’s the difference between a drunkard and an alcoholic?
an alcoholic gave up?
I was thinking that alcoholics go to meetings.
I thought about quitting smoking and drinking once, but I’m no quitter. Ok, well I am for unimportant stuff like school and relationships, but not when it really counts!
See, you’re not an alcoholic otherwise you’d know the answer, which is:
Alcoholism is a disease, being a drunkard is a hobby.
Oooooohhh! Cool, so I actually do have a hobby!
The enemy outed Spc. Boyd?? What happened to “don’t ask, don’t tell”??
Not only that, but what about the person that outed him?
it was probably cool out bc most soldiers sleep in boxers and tshirts in their winter sleeping bags bc the issued bags are very warm. extra clothing will make you sweat which in turn will make you colder.
You dirty, nasty Pizza racist. What did deep dish ever do to you?
excuse me i lived in illinois for 20 yrs never once have i ever been to chicago, once i return to the states ill try to stop by jfk back to the midwest and try new york pizza. i like italian pizza. i dont think there is a place in the states that make a 2 ft diameter pizza and deliever it to your door either.
This soldier was awakened to fight with his fellow soldiers when they were ambushed. It was all over the news. Here’s just one article:
http://www.usatoday.com/news/military/2009-05-22-gates-pink-boxers_N.htm
Pssst….Read previous comments and avoid annoying everybody with post of repetitive information.
clearly its a belgian flag!!!!
GERMAN!!!11!!
Its Gergian!
Is it just an American army thing, but why the hell wasn’t this guy sleeping in nohing less than his cams and why the hell does he have such brightly coloured clothes in a war zone? Why are things seen? Cause you got pink boxers dickhead! Maybe it’s just me in my regi ways but I just can’t rap my head around. Explain!
Mountain Trolls Insurgency
New capital venture project in the area… Tourism. Initial thought.. that guy is a tourist with his boxers and bright red shirt!
Ya never know .. people pay big bucks to go out of way places. There were 48 tourists to Iraq last year (off topic news).
Yeah, I had the same thought at first. Some sort of strange family vacation. There’s the son on the far left, mom in the middle and dad on the right.
Soldiers from the U.S. Army First Battalion, 26th Infantry take defensive positions at firebase Restrepo after receiving fire from Taliban positions in the Korengal Valley of Afghanistan’s Kunar Province on May 11, 2009. Spc. Zachary Boyd of Fort Worth, Texas, far left was wearing “I love NY” boxer shorts after rushing from his sleeping quarters to join his fellow platoon members. From far right is Spc. Cecil Montgomery of Many, La. and Jordan Custer of Spokan, Wash, center. Defense Secretary Robert Gates says American soldiers have more than their military might and training on their side in the war in Afghanistan. Some have pink underwear. (AP Photo/David Guttenfelder)